What Are The Types Of Hydraulic Pumps?
What Are The Types Of Hydraulic Pumps?
What is a Hydraulic Pump?
Hydraulic Pump is a Hydraulic Element that converts Mechanical energy into Hydraulic energy. The element that transfers the hydraulic oil from the tank by suction and pressurized in a certain flow amount with the circular mechanical energy it receives from the Electric or Internal Combustion Engine is called a hydraulic pump.
Hydraulic pumps convert the Mechanical Energy they receive into Hydraulic Energy through the pressure and flow rate formation of the hydraulic fluid. The pressure and flow rate of the fluid supplied by the hydraulic pump to the hydraulic circuit it feeds must be sufficient for the needs of the user components (taking into account combined operations).
Hydraulic pumps come in many different types. The most common are piston, gear and paddle types. Piston pumps work by moving the piston back and forth. Pallet pumps transmit the flow by making use of pallet gaps. Gear pumps move liquid through the movement of rotating gears.
Hydraulic pumps are used in many areas such as industrial, agricultural, construction and automotive. For example, they are frequently used in work machines, power steering systems, hydraulic presses and similar applications.
What is Hydraulic Pump Delivery Volume?
Hydraulic pump delivery volume refers to the amount of liquid the pump can transport at a certain time. It is usually measured as the maximum amount of fluid a hydraulic pump can move per unit time, usually per minute. This may vary depending on the efficiency of the hydraulic system, the design of the pump and operating conditions.
Delivery volume is an important parameter in evaluating the performance of hydraulic pumps because it determines the required flow rate in the system. Delivery volume may vary depending on factors such as pump speed and diameter. Since hydraulic pumps have a certain delivery volume, these values must be taken into account in the design and optimization of hydraulic systems. This is important to ensure that the system operates effectively and reliably.
What are the Hydraulic Pump Types?
Gear pumps:
Oil fills the suction cavity formed at the inlet, and the hydraulic oil is taken to the environment through the tooth cavities. Flow rate and pressure are created by force in the volumes between the pump body and gears.
Gear Pump Types
1)Gear pumps
2) Screw gear pumps
Vane Pumps
These pumps have floating pallets around the rotor (eccentric rotating element). According to the rotation direction of the rotor, the pallets suck the oil from the tank and transfer it to the pump outlet with the formation of flow rate and pressure.
Vane Pump Types
Variable Flow Vane Pumps
Constant Flow Vane Pumps
Piston Pumps:
Pistons located circularly around the rotary shaft suck a certain volume of oil from the tank and transfer it to the pump outlet by creating flow and pressure. By rotating the shaft, the piston elements rotating together with the piston block work in conjunction with the position of the inclined plate (Eccentric shaft in Radial Piston pumps). When the pistons come across the inlet channel on the distribution plate, suction occurs, and when they come across the outlet channel, compression occurs.
Piston Pump Types
Radial Piston Pumps
Axial Piston Pumps
What is the working principle of pumps?
The Hydraulic Fluid, which is suctioned with the vacuum effect at the suction port, works on the principle of transferring the fluid with positive transmission by creating compression at the discharge port. Thus, if there is resistance in front of the fluid transferred by the pump, pressure occurs. The hydraulic pump is the power transmission source in the circuit.
The power transferred by the pump depends on the Hydraulic Fluid pressure and Fluid Flow. If the cross-sectional area through which the fluid passes is indicated by A and the flow rate by v, the flow rate (amount of fluid flowing per unit time) is
Q = A . It is calculated with the formula v.
In order for the pump to create pressure in fluid transfer, the flow cross section is F = p. A must apply force.
If the fluid reaches the speed v with the applied force by the pump effect, the generated transmission power will be P = F.v = p.A.v.
Q = A . v. The transmission power of the pump is calculated from the formula 3 / 50.
Pump selections should be made in accordance with the work to be required in the Hydraulic Circuits and the need for power transfer. If more than 1 pump is used in a hydraulic system, the pumps are designed to operate in a certain order. Fluid flow rate must be calculated for speed requirements, and pressure values must be calculated for force requirements.
Features to consider when choosing a pump:
There are a few important things to consider when choosing a hydraulic pump:
These factors are the main points you should consider when choosing a hydraulic pump. It is important to choose the most suitable pump, taking into account the specific requirements of the application and operating conditions.
Additionally, the following criteria should also be taken into consideration.
1. Fluid properties
2. Working pressure range
3. Flow requirement
4. Number of revolutions
5. Operating temperature range
6. How to drive the pump
6. Ease of maintenance
7. Service life
8. Dimensions and installation
9. Cost elements
10. Advantages and disadvantages
11. Number of flow directions
Description of Hydraulic Pump Flow Rate:
Flow rate refers to the volume of a fluid passing through a certain cross section per unit time. It is a unit of measurement that expresses the amount of liquid or gas passing through a region per unit time. It is usually measured in units such as liters per hour or cubic meters per second.
Flow rate is related to the speed of a fluid and the size of the cross section of the fluid. The higher the speed and the wider the cross section, the higher the flow rate.
For example, the amount of fluid passing through a pump in a certain period of time indicates the flow rate of this pump. Flow rate is an important parameter for measuring and controlling the amount of fluid in a system.
As long as the pump provides the same flow rate, the fluid is:
Q = A1 . V1 = A2 . V2 = ... = An . Vn
It flows according to the rule. Even though the flow rate is the same, flow cross-sections and velocities change inversely.