TYPE OF ENERGY USED IN HYDRAULIC SYSTEMS

TYPE OF ENERGY USED IN HYDRAULIC SYSTEMS

Fluid power (hydraulic energy) is used as energy source in hydraulic systems. This energy comes from the combination of potential energy, hydrostatic energy and hydrodynamic energy (Bernoulli equation). Here, besides hydrostatic energy as a function of pressure, potential energy as a function of weight or fluid height and hydrodynamic energy effects as a function of flow velocity are very small. For this reason, hydrostatic energy generated by pressure in hydraulic systems is taken into consideration. Hydraulic energy is obtained by driving a hydraulic pump by an electric motor or an internal combustion engine. In order for this hydraulic energy to fulfill the expected functions, it must be controlled by control elements (pressure, direction and flow control valves) and directed to the desired elements (hydraulic cylinder or hydromotor). Hydraulic systems are systems in which the pressure, flow rate and direction of the fluid can be controlled by using incompressible fluids, and linear, circular and angular movements can be produced with this hydraulic energy, and precise and controllable movements can be achieved.

A hydraulic circuit diagram shows how a hydraulic system circuit is formed. Each element used in the circuit is represented by standard symbols and connected by pipe connections. The hydraulic system's functional sequence can be seen in the circuit diagram. In large circuit diagrams, motion and control diagrams can be used to determine the times of work sequences. If the circuit diagrams that seem large and complex are examined carefully, it can be seen that the hydraulic circuit consists of many repetitions. For this reason, the circuits of hydraulic systems can be established easily and circuit problems that may arise can be easily overcome by knowing the basic circuit elements well.