Connection Elements Used in Hydraulic Systems
Connection Elements Used in Hydraulic Systems
In hydraulic systems, it is used to transfer the fluid from the reservoir to the user staff and in the process of sending the fluid to the reservoir in the user staff. The circuit elements that allow the elements used in the pump, valve, engine, hydraulic cylinder and hydraulic system to be interconnected are called connection elements.
Fittings are the name given to elements such as pipes, hoses, fittings, clamps. The selection of fittings should be determined to provide the required pressure, flow rate and flow rate, and should be in a structure to withstand the operating pressure.
Hydraulic Installation Pipes
It is the circuit element that carries the fluid between certain points in the system and guides the fluid. Pipes are made of stainless steel and light metals, by the cold drawing method or welded. Welded pipes are not resistant to high pressures. One of the two important factors in choosing pipes in hydraulic circuits is the desired internal diameter and the other is the wall thickness that can meet the working pressure. In order to achieve the desired pressure and flow rates in hydraulic systems, pipe diameters must be calculated and determined with correct methods.
FLOW SPEEDS TO BE USED:
PRESSURE LINE:
4m / s up to 50 bar
4.5m / s up to 100 bar
5m / s up to 150 bar
5.5m / s up to 200 bar
6-7m / s after 200 bar
SUCTION LINE:
0.5 to 1.5m / s
RETURN LINE:
2 to 3 m / s
CALCULATION OF THE PIPE DIAMETER:
Q = Flow rate ......... It / min
V = Average velocity ........ m / s
D = Internal pipe diameter .......... mm
Hydraulic Hose
It is especially used in hydraulic systems to connect moving circuit elements. Since the hoses have high flexibility, it is suitable to be used in cases where the system pressure changes frequently, vibrating, and the temperature difference is high. Hoses are made of synthetic rubber. There are one or more steel wire braids between the rubber layers in order to increase their compressive strength.
Hydraulic Fitting
It is a circuit element used to connect connection elements such as pipes and hoses to each other and to other elements (pump, valve, valve block, cylinder, hydromotor, etc.). Glands are generally screwed. Plug-in system fittings are also used.
Important Considerations in Hydraulic Hose and Hydraulic Pipe Connection
Different pipe diameters should not be used in hydraulic systems, sudden reduction or increase in cross section should be avoided.
Sharp corners should be avoided while turning on the lines used in hydraulic systems.
Excessively long and unnecessary pipes and hose lines should be avoided.
In order to prevent vibration and cavitation in the system, the pipes should be fixed with clamps at regular intervals.
The suction pipe should be short.
The return pipe should be short.
Hoses should be used in moving and vibrating places.
Thermal expansions should be taken into account in pipe connections.
Pipe diameters should be sufficient to provide the desired flow and pressure.
Pipe wall thickness and hose type should be selected to meet the operating pressure and temperature values.
Pipe and hose connections must be tight.
Pipe inner surfaces must be smooth.
The innermost layer of the hose must be resistant to the fluid used in the system.