Hydraulic Cylinder

Hydraulic Cylinder

What is a Hydraulic Cylinder?

Hydraulic energy is converted into linear motion (mechanical energy) with the help of the cylinder. Hydraulic Cylinders are circuit elements that convert hydraulic energy into mechanical energy in the hydraulic circuit and obtain linear motion and force. Hydraulic cylinders are used in different types and sizes in the market. Various hydraulic cylinders such as single-acting, double-acting, tandem, telescopic are used in different applications depending on the purpose of use.

Parts That Make Up the Hydraulic Cylinder

Hydraulic cylinders are complex equipment consisting of multiple parts coming together. When the working conditions are examined, the parts that move forward and backward operate on a single connection axis. For this reason, all parts forming the cylinder must be positioned on the same axis.

Hydraulic Cylinder Pipe (Honed Pipe)

Hydraulic Cylinder Shaft (Chrome Plated Shaft)

Hydraulic Cylinder Piston

Piston Sealing Kit (Seal, O-Ring, Support Ring)

Throat Sealing Kit (Seal, O-Ring, Support Ring)

Throat Bearing

Dust Seal

Cylinder Neck

Cylinder Base

CHARACTERISTIC VALUES OF HYDRAULIC CYLINDER

Hydraulic Cylinder Pipe DIAMETER (mm)

Hydraulic Cylinder STROKE – TRAVEL (mm)

How to Calculate Hydraulic Cylinder Pressure Force?

There are two factors that change the pressure or thrust force in hydraulic cylinders. When the cylinder area and working pressure increase any of these values, the lift or thrust force will also increase.

What are the Hydraulic Cylinder Types?

HYDRAULIC CYLINDERS

SINGLE ACTING CYLINDERS

It is a type of cylinder in which the hydraulic fluid acts on the piston from one direction. The return of the piston to its rear position is achieved by external forces (spring, weight, etc.).

DOUBLE ACTING CYLINDERS

It is a type of cylinder in which the hydraulic fluid acts on the piston from both directions. The forward and backward movement of the piston is provided by the effect of pressurized fluid. Since work is generally required in both directions in applications, it is the most frequently used type of cylinder.

Hydraulic Cylinder Schematic Representation

TELESCOPIC CYLINDERS

It is used in places where high stroke is required. The most important reason for preference is that they do not take up much space. It consists of pistons of different diameters placed inside each other. It is generally done as a single action. It is frequently used in construction equipment and dump vehicles.

CUSHIONED CYLINDERS

Impact occurs at the end of the piston stroke, especially when the piston speed exceeds 6 m/min and when moving heavy objects. These impacts reduce the operating life of circuit elements. It may also cause the work done to be unorganized. For this reason, impact is definitely an undesirable feature in hydraulic systems.

In such cases, cylinders are used to prevent impacts by slowing down the piston speed at the end of the stroke. These types of cylinders are called padded cylinders. Cushioning process; It is provided with a cushioning bush and a cushioning trunnion with a tapered end. At the end of the course, the section through which the fluid passes is narrowed and the velocity decreases. Padded cylinders can be padded on one or both sides.

ROTARY CYLINDERS

Rotary cylinders, also called angular engines, are used to obtain angular rotation movements of 90,180,270,360 degrees. There are toothed or winged types.

GEAR TYPE ROTARY CYLINDER

A rack and pinion gear has been drilled into the piston rod. As a result of the back-and-forth movement of the piston, it rotates a rack-toothed spur or helical gear on the piston rod, creating angular movement.

WING TYPE ROTARY CYLINDER

The fluid sent into the cylinder causes the wing to rotate. Hydraulic fluid is applied from the other side for the backward movement of the wing. Thus, angular rotation movement is achieved. Vane type rotary cylinders are not used at high torques.